Main Ref. | Grove, J.S. and R.J. Lavenberg, 1997 |
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Remarks | Inhabits rocky and coral reefs (Ref. 9334). Usually in large aggregations. Diet of this diurnal feeder consists of plankton at the surface or mid-water; it also grazes on benthic invertebrates and algae on the reef. Omnivore (Ref. 57615). This fish is a warm-water, stenothermal species. Juveniles of second year class have been observed cleaning schools of striped mullet, halfbeaks and needlefish (Ref. 5592). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Hard Bottom: rocky; |
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Substrate Ref. | Schneider, W. and F. Krupp, 1995 |
Special habitats | Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. | Dominici-Arosemena, A. and M. Wolff, 2006 |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | plants/detritus+animals (troph. 2.2-2.79) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Dominici-Arosemena, A. and M. Wolff, 2006 |
Feeding habit | variable |
Feeding habit Ref. |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 2.95 | 0.32 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |