Main Ref. | Randall, J.E., 1967 |
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Remarks | Usually found over bottoms with seagrass, sand, or mud (Ref. 3790). Juveniles are associated with floating Sargassum. Solitary or in pairs (Ref. 9710). Feeds on a variety of plants, including algae and seagrasses (Ref. 3790). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Soft Bottom: sand; mud; |
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Substrate Ref. | Tyler, J.C., 1978 |
Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly plants/detritus (troph. 2-2.19) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Randall, J.E., 1967 |
Feeding habit | grazing on aquatic plants |
Feeding habit Ref. | Randall, J.E., 1967 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 2.02 | 0.07 | 2.17 | 0.05 | Troph of juv./adults from 2 studies. |
From individual food items | 4.00 | 0.28 | Tentative trophic level derived from 1 + troph of a single food item | ||
Ref. | Randall, J.E., 1967 |