Main Ref. | Ambrose, D.A., 1996 |
---|---|
Remarks | Found in a wide range of depths, sometimes near surface (Ref. 2850) to below 2,000 m. Larger adults inhabit colder water toward the poles, whereas, the young and smaller adults inhabit more temperate regions (Ref. 35956). Feed on mollusks, crustaceans, marine worms, coelenterates, salps, and fishes (Ref. 4525, 6885). Its distensible body wall and large stomach can accommodate prey up to half of its own length. Preyed upon by albacore, Pacific lancetfish, halibut, steelhead salmon, blue shark, pomfret, and whales (Ref. 6885). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
|
|
|
Substrate | |
---|---|
Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
---|---|
Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
---|---|
Feeding type Ref. | Balanov, A.A. and V.I. Radchenko, 1998 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Balanov, A.A. and V.I. Radchenko, 1998 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 4.50 | 0.50 | 4.29 | 0.69 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. |
From individual food items | 4.41 | 0.81 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Balanov, A.A. and V.I. Radchenko, 1998 |