Main Ref. | Thollot, P., 1996 |
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Remarks | Occurs in estuaries, sheltered reef flats, and lagoons to a depth of more than 17 m. Common in seagrass beds and sandy areas; juveniles found among mangroves (Ref. 1602). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Soft Bottom: sand; |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. | Shao, K.-T., C.-P. Lin, L.-T. Ho and P.-L. Lin, 1990 |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Thollot, P., 1996 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Thollot, P., 1996 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 3.83 | 3.40 | 0.37 | Troph of adults from 1 study. | |
From individual food items | 3.50 | 0.37 | Tentative trophic level derived from 1 + troph of a single food item | ||
Ref. | Kulbicki, M., Y.-M. Bozec, P. Labrosse, Y. Letourneur, G. Mou-Tham and L. Wantiez, 2005 |