Main Ref. | Steene, R.C., 1978 |
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Remarks | Both males and females hold separate territories, which are sometimes adjacent to each other. Occur in shallow lagoon and semi-protected seaward reefs. Closely associated with tabular and staghorn Acropora corals upon which it feeds on their polyps and mucus. Solitary or in pairs. |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. | Nguyen, N.T. and V.Q. Nguyen, 2006 |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Sano, M., M. Shimizu and Y. Nose, 1984 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Sano, M., M. Shimizu and Y. Nose, 1984 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 3.34 | 0.61 | 3.30 | 0.54 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. |
From individual food items | 3.34 | 0.61 | Tentative trophic level derived from 1 + troph of a single food item | ||
Ref. | Sano, M., M. Shimizu and Y. Nose, 1984 |