Main Ref. | Scott, W.B. and E.J. Crossman, 1973 |
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Remarks | Most frequently in streams (Ref. 5723). Nerito-pelagic (Ref. 58426). Lacustrine and estuarine anadromous forms exist (Ref. 593). Feeds on aquatic insect larvae, small mollusks and crustaceans (Ref. 1998). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Scott, W.B. and E.J. Crossman, 1973 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Coker, G.A., C.B. Portt and C.K. Minns, 2001 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 3.45 | 0.14 | Troph of juv./adults from 4 studies. | ||
From individual food items | 3.28 | 0.44 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |