Main Ref. | Rainboth, W.J., 1996 |
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Remarks | Inhabits lagoons, estuaries and freshwater (Ref. 6028). Juveniles are found mainly among mangrove roots in the more saline areas of lagoons and estuaries (Ref. 6028). Adults inhabit lagoons, estuaries and freshwater (Ref. 6028, 48637, 79840). Carnivorous (Ref. 54520). Coexist with E. acanthopoma at the upper limit of the tidally influenced area and the lower part of the freshwater area in Teima River, Okinawa Island (Ref. 54520). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Soft Bottom: mud; |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Rainboth, W.J., 1996 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Maeda, K. and K. Tachihara, 2004 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 3.79 | 0.32 | Troph of juv./adults from 2 studies. | ||
From individual food items | 3.62 | 0.58 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Maeda, K. and K. Tachihara, 2004 |