Main Ref. | Skelton, P.H., 1993 |
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Remarks | Prefers well-oxygenated but vegetated waters such as floodplain river channels and permanent lagoons. Frequency of occurence in Caprivi: occasionally in sandy streams, common in shallow swamps, and common in shallow flood plains (Ref. 037065). Shy, emerging in subdued light, most active in early morning and late afternoon. Feeds on worms, crustaceans, insects and plant matter. |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | plants/detritus+animals (troph. 2.2-2.79) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Mills, D. and G. Vevers, 1989 |
Feeding habit | variable |
Feeding habit Ref. | Mills, D. and G. Vevers, 1989 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 2.97 | 0.34 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |