Main Ref. | Skelton, P.H., 1993 |
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Remarks | Frequency of occurence in Caprivi: frequently in sandy streams, occasionally in standing deep water, occasionally in shallow swamps (Ref. 037065). Feeds on benthic and planktonic organisms (Ref. 12524). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Bell-Cross, G., 1976 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Bell-Cross, G., 1976 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 2.85 | 0.22 | |||
From individual food items | 3.31 | 0.38 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Polling, L., H.J. Schoonbee and J.E. Saayman, 1992 |