Main Ref. | Fitch, J.E. and R.J. Lavenberg, 1968 |
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Remarks | Meso- to abyssopelagic (Ref. 58302) and bathypelagic (Refs. 58426, 117245). Feed mainly on crustaceans, but also take fishes, cephalopods, and other invertebrates (Ref. 2850, 11041). Parasite of the species is known to be Pistana eurypharyngis, a parasitic cestode (Ref. 5951). Feeds on plankton, crustaceans, squid, and fish. Larval phase lasts up to two years, at depths of 100-200m (Ref. 117245). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Pelagic; |
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Substrate Ref. | Coad, B.W. and J.D. Reist, 2018 |
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Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
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Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Fitch, J.E. and R.J. Lavenberg, 1968 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 4.12 | 0.57 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |