Main Ref. | Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983 |
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Remarks | Differential abundance by season suggests a pattern of north-south migrations, which are not yet fully understood. Like in the first quarter of the year, they are found off Central America northwards to the tip of Baja California. In the second quarter, they are abundant in the northern part of this range. In the third quarter, they are found in western Baja California and in the fourth, from Baja California to northern Peru. |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 3.83 | 0.60 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |