Main Ref. | Nguyen, N.T. and V.Q. Nguyen, 2006 |
---|---|
Remarks | Inhabits coral reefs (Ref. 58534). Found on sandy bottoms of shallow inshore waters and offshore banks up to depths of 80m. (Refs. 30573, 9773). Feeds mainly on crustaceans and clams (Ref. 68964). Either solitary or in large shoals. Buried beneath sand or mud when solitary, and concentrated in midwater when shoaling. Feeds on bottom-dwelling animals and pelagic fishes (Ref. 9773). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
|
|
|
Substrate | Benthic; Soft Bottom: sand; mud; |
---|---|
Substrate Ref. | Sommer, C., W. Schneider and J.-M. Poutiers, 1996 |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
---|---|
Associations | shoaling; |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | |
---|---|
Feeding type Ref. | |
Feeding habit | |
Feeding habit Ref. |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 3.79 | 0.59 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |