Main Ref. | Masuda, H. and G.R. Allen, 1993 |
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Remarks | Found on the continental shelf (Ref. 75154). Lives among seaweeds (Ref. 9137), sponges and in algal reefs (Ref. 52034). Dwells in loose rock/pebble/gravel substrates (Ref. 128812). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic; Soft Bottom Hard Bottom: rocky; rubble; |
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Substrate Ref. | Camins, E., L.M. Stanton, M.J. Correia and A.C.J. Vincent, 2023 |
Special habitats | Beds: algae/seaweed; sea grass; |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Masuda, H. and G.R. Allen, 1993 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Masuda, H. and G.R. Allen, 1993 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 3.45 | 0.48 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |