Main Ref. | Reid, G.M., 1985 |
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Remarks | Occurs in both sediment-free and sediment-rich rocky biotopes. Favors clear, running waters in rocky habitats of small and large rivers, also found in lakes and dams over rocky areas. Frequency of occurence in Caprivi: occasionally in sandy streams, abundant on rocky streams (Ref. 037065). Feeds on diatoms and other small algae from the rocks (Ref. 5595). Also feeds on `aufwuchs' from the surface of rocks, tree trunks and other firm surfaces. Masses upstream in masses to breed, using the mouth & broad pectorals to climb damp surfaces of barrier rocks & weirs (Ref. 7248). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly plants/detritus (troph. 2-2.19) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Reid, G.M., 1985 |
Feeding habit | grazing on aquatic plants |
Feeding habit Ref. | Reid, G.M., 1985 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 2.00 | 0.00 | Trophic level and s.e. inferred from exclusive plant/detritus food items. | ||
Ref. |