Main Ref. | Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990 |
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Remarks | Most abundant in waters deeper than 750 m and feeds mainly on benthic organismsm crustaceans and also on polychaetes(Ref. 1371). Minimum depth (Ref. 58426). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | Scott, W.B. and M.G. Scott, 1988 |
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Associations | parasitism; |
Associated with | Parasites of the species include trematodes, cestodes, nematodes, acanthocephalans and copepods; attached in the intestines, gills and fins (Ref. 5951). |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 3.59 | 0.45 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. | ||
From individual food items | 3.50 | 0.45 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Carrassón, M., J. Matallanas and M. Casadevall, 1997 |