Main Ref. | Atkinson, E.G. and J.A. Percy, 1992 |
---|---|
Remarks | Inhabits sandy to rocky bottoms, often in seagrass or algae; rarely, if ever, found in intertidal area (Ref. 51666). Benthic (Ref. 5951). Feeds on crustaceans, worms, clams, and fish eggs (Ref. 58426). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
|
|
|
Substrate | Soft Bottom Hard Bottom; |
---|---|
Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | Beds: algae/seaweed; sea grass; |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
---|---|
Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
---|---|
Feeding type Ref. | Atkinson, E.G. and J.A. Percy, 1992 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Coad, B.W. and J.D. Reist, 2004 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 3.28 | 0.37 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |