Main Ref. | Martinez-Palacios, C.A. and L.G. Ross, 1988 |
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Remarks | Feeds mainly on invertebrates throughout the different seasons, although some algal or other plant materials have been found in the stomach. These plant material may have been ingested as a consequence of predation on small invertebrates rather than as a deliberate food item (Ref. 8985). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Martinez-Palacios, C.A. and L.G. Ross, 1988 |
Feeding habit | variable |
Feeding habit Ref. | Martinez-Palacios, C.A. and L.G. Ross, 1988 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 4.00 | 0.41 | |||
From individual food items | 3.85 | 0.57 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Martinez-Palacios, C.A. and L.G. Ross, 1988 |