Ecology of Raja maderensis
 
Main Ref. McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn, 1998
Remarks Feeds on all kinds of benthic animals.

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

Marine - Neritic Marine - Oceanic Brackishwater Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies
  • supra-littoral zone
  • littoral zone
  • sublittoral zone
  • epipelagic
  • mesopelagic
  • epipelagic
  • abyssopelagic
  • hadopelagic
  • estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas
  • mangroves
  • marshes/swamps
  • rivers/streams
  • lakes/ponds
  • caves
  • exclusively in caves
Highighted items on the list are where Raja maderensis may be found.

Habitat

Substrate
Substrate Ref.
Special habitats
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

Ref.
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

Feeding

Feeding type mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref. Stehmann, M. and D.L. Bürkel, 1984
Feeding habit hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit Ref. Stehmann, M. and D.L. Bürkel, 1984
Trophic Level(s)
Estimation method Original sample Unfished population Remark
Troph s.e. Troph s.e.
From diet composition
From individual food items 3.50 0.37 Tentative trophic level derived from 1 + troph of a single food item
Ref.
(e.g. 346)
(e.g. oophagy)
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