Main Ref. | Roberts, T.R., 2012 |
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Remarks | Warmer-water distribution, within 15° of the Equator. (Ref. 92949). Large adults sometimes kill themselves by swimming out of the water onto beaches; occurrence of such strandings may be linked to certain areas, seasons or months and often in spates (Ref. 92949). Feed on euphausiid crustaceans, small fishes and squid (Ref. 6738); Euphausiidae being their main diet but possibly feed only when highly concentrated in areas of upwelling. With few predators and parasites; adaptative significance of autotomy still unknown. Occassionally associate in pairs (gender undocumented) but no record of group larger than three or of schooling behavior. Spawns in the North Pacific Ocean, in an area west of the Marianas Islands; also possibly in South Africa near Durban (Ref. 92949). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Roberts, T.R., 2012 |
Feeding habit | selective plankton feeding |
Feeding habit Ref. | Roberts, T.R., 2012 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 3.81 | 0.57 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |