Main Ref. | Lieske, E. and R. Myers, 1994 |
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Remarks | Inhabits shallow sandy and rubbly areas of coral reefs (Also Ref. 9773). Juveniles are commonly found on reef flats. Feeds on corals, hard-shelled animals (Ref. 9773) and benthic invertebrates. |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic; Soft Bottom: sand; Hard Bottom: rocky; |
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Substrate Ref. | Al-Abdessalaam, T.Z.S., 1995 |
Special habitats | Coral Reefs: reef flats; |
Special habitats Ref. | Al-Abdessalaam, T.Z.S., 1995 |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Sommer, C., W. Schneider and J.-M. Poutiers, 1996 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Sommer, C., W. Schneider and J.-M. Poutiers, 1996 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 4.46 | 0.13 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |