Main Ref. | Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991 |
---|---|
Remarks | Occur in quiet streams, sloughs, swamps and other wetlands over sand, mud and debris, often among dense vegetation. Juveniles also found among aquatic vegetation, often forming schools of 10-12 individuals (Ref. 39069). Wide range of occurrence with respect to the pH of the water, the habitats are characterized by low alkalinity and ionic content (Ref. 59260). Feeds on insect larvae, worms, mollusks, and crustaceans (Ref. 30578). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
|
|
|
Substrate | Soft Bottom: sand; mud; |
---|---|
Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | vegetation |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | Gordon, M.S., 1948 |
---|---|
Associations | schooling; |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
---|---|
Feeding type Ref. | Billard, R., 1997 |
Feeding habit | variable |
Feeding habit Ref. |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 3.25 | 0.39 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |