Anablepsoides luitalimae Nielsen, 2016

Family:  Rivulidae (Rivulines), subfamily: Rivulinae
Max. size:  3.72 cm SL (male/unsexed); 3.93 cm SL (female)
Environment:  benthopelagic; freshwater
Distribution:  South America: Brazil.
Diagnosis:  Dorsal soft rays (total): 7-7; Anal soft rays: 12-12; Vertebrae: 34-35. This species can be distinguished from all other species of the Anablepsoides limoncochae species group by several distinct coloration patterns: pelvic-fin light blue (vs. orange, yellow or light yellow), caudal-fin reticulated, base light blue and light yellow, and distal region hyaline, with its upperparts light yellow (vs. orange), anal fin base reticulated, light blue with red brown dots at its basis, distal region pale yellow (vs. reticulated basis, red dots with distal region golden yellow with a black bar in A. elongatus and A. christinae; anal-fin with bright blue-green basis with rosy spots between the rays, followed by a line or red dots between the rays and distal portion bright orange without black border in A. hoetmeri; blue basis with distal portion light yellow with black bar in A. rubrolineatus; anal fin pale yellowish, basis whitish with red spots on posterior area in A. parlletei; anal-fin pale grey, base cream yellow with red spots in A. lineasoppilatae). It is further distinguished by the following set of characters: dorsal fin origin posterior to the last anal-fin ray (vs. at the level of the 13th ray in A. hoetmeri, A. rubrolineatus and A. elongatus); single longitudinal line with 6 minute contact organs, beginning at the level of the trunk reached by tip of the pectoral fin and ending at the level of the anal fin (vs. present at pectoral fin or 1-3 contact organs on antero-ventral portions of flank or 2 longitudinal rows of 18-20 contact organs in A. hoetmeri); dorsal origin neural spines 26 (vs. 21-23 in A. urubuiensis or 16-17 in A. hoetmeri); vomer teeth number 4-6 (vs. 1 in A. urubuiensis and A. hoetmeri or 2-3 in A. parlettei and A. lineasoppilatae) (Ref. 128688).
Biology:  Known from flooded areas, water is dark-colored, with a maximum depth of 50 cm within an urban fragment of highly dense Amazonian rainforest (Ref. 128688).
IUCN Red List Status: Endangered (EN); Date assessed: 28 December 2020 (B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)) Ref. (130435)
Threat to humans:  harmless


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