Microphis brachyurus (Bleeker, 1854)
Short-tailed pipefish
Microphis brachyurus
photo by Ramani Shirantha

Family:  Syngnathidae (Pipefishes and seahorses), subfamily: Nerophinae
Max. size:  22 cm SL (male/unsexed)
Environment:  demersal; freshwater; brackish; marine; depth range 0 - 5 m, anadromous
Distribution:  Asia and Oceania: Sri Lanka, southern India, Nicobar Islands and eastward to Japan and the Society Islands. Records from Puerto Rico and USA need confirmation. Africa: east coast from Kenya south to KwaZulu-Natal area, also Madagascar and Mauritius (Ref. 7248, 52193). Africa: Côte d'Ivoire (Ref. 272). Western Atlantic: Atlantic coast of Florida, Bahamas, northern and southern Gulf of Mexico, Antilles, central and south American coasts to Brazil (Ref. 26938).
Diagnosis:  Dorsal spines (total): 0-0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 37-54; Anal spines: 0-0; Anal soft rays: 4-4. Description: Dorsal fin with 37-54 rays; anal fin with 4 rays (Ref. 52193). Rings (17-22)+(20-26); anal ring nearer end of caudal fin than head (Ref. 52193).

Colouration: Yellowish brown (Ref. 52193).

Biology:  Occurs in relatively shallow (25-150 cm), still to slow-flowing water (Ref. 6028). Inhabits freshwater streams, rivers and estuaries. Juveniles and subadults are usually found in estuaries while adults are found upstream in freshwater areas. Feeds on worms, crustaceans and zooplankton. Ovoviviparous (Ref. 205). The male carries the eggs in a brood pouch which is found under the tail (Ref. 205). Not seen in markets (Ref. 12693)
IUCN Red List Status: Least Concern (LC); Date assessed: 17 January 2019 Ref. (130435)
Threat to humans:  harmless


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