| Family: |
Haemulidae (Grunts), subfamily: Haemulinae |
| Max. size: |
46 cm SL (male/unsexed); max.weight: 900.0 g; max. reported age: 4 years |
| Environment: |
demersal; brackish; marine; depth range - 10 m, oceanodromous |
| Distribution: |
Western Atlantic: New York, USA and Bermuda to Mexico. |
| Diagnosis: |
Dorsal spines (total): 12-13; Dorsal soft rays (total): 15-16; Anal spines: 3-3; Anal soft rays: 12-13. Back elevated; snout long and tapering. Mouth a little oblique; maxillary reaching vertical from first nostril. Scales in oblique rows above lateral line and horizontal rows below lateral line, extending on base of caudal, pelvic and pectoral fins; also forming a low sheath on base of anal and dorsal fins. |
| Biology: |
Inhabits coastal waters, over sand and mud bottoms. Forms schools. Mainly nocturnal and non-burrowing. Feeds on crustaceans and smaller fishes. Undergoes seasonal migration as well as local nocturnal-diurnal foraging migrations (Ref. 25). |
| IUCN Red List Status: |
Least Concern (LC); Date assessed: 01 March 2011 Ref. (130435)
|
| Threat to humans: |
harmless |
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