| Family: |
Toxotidae (Archerfishes) |
| Max. size: |
40 cm SL (male/unsexed); max.weight: 750.0 g |
| Environment: |
pelagic; freshwater; brackish, amphidromous |
| Distribution: |
Asia and Oceania: Sri Lanka and India to New Guinea and northern Australia. |
| Diagnosis: |
Dorsal spines (total): 5-6; Dorsal soft rays (total): 12-13; Anal spines: 3-3; Anal soft rays: 15-17 |
| Biology: |
Occurs mainly in brackish mangrove estuaries, but also penetrates freshwater rivers and small streams (Ref. 4833, 44894). Inhabits coastal waters (Ref. 45255). Found along the shores of flowing and standing waters. Occurs in shaded areas with overhanging vegetation (Ref. 12693, 44894). Inhabits medium to large-sized rivers (Ref. 12975). Also found in lakes and billabongs (Ref. 44894). Feeds at the surface during the day on floating debris which includes insects and vegetable matter (Ref. 2847). Also consumes crustaceans and small fishes (Ref. 44894). Renowned for its habit of spitting to dislodge its insect prey from tree branches above the water; maximum shooting range is about 150 cm. Breeds from both fresh and brackish water (Ref. 2847, 44894). Breeding takes place in the wet season. Highly fecund female releases buoyant eggs (Ref. 44894). Lays 20,000 to 150,000 eggs, measuring about 0.4 mm in diameter (Ref. 6028). Occasionally caught by anglers and is reasonable eating (Ref. 44894). Sold fresh in markets. |
| IUCN Red List Status: |
Least Concern (LC); Date assessed: 15 February 2019 Ref. (130435)
|
| Threat to humans: |
harmless |
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