Philippines country information

Common names: Bontok, Bulatot, Giant trevally
Occurrence: native
Salinity: brackish
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: commercial | Ref:
Aquaculture: likely future use | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Reported from Taal Lake, in Talisay area as part of gill net catch composition (Ref. 81207, 81494, 13446), and Tañon Strait (Ref. 107276). Also Ref. 3280, 6956, 48613, 53416, 121724.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/rp.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Bureau of Agricultural Statistics, 1991
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Carangue têtue, Jurel gigante, شيم مُتَصلِّب, ... more

Classificação / Names Nomes comuns | Sinónimos | Catalog of Fishes(Género, Espécies) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Carangiformes (Jacks) > Carangidae (Jacks and pompanos) > Caranginae
Etymology: Caranx: French, carangue, the name of a Caribbean fish; 1836 (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Forsskål.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologia

marinhas; estuarina associadas(os) a recifes; intervalo de profundidade 10 - 188 m (Ref. 58302). Tropical; 26°C - 29°C; 35°N - 37°S, 19°E - 129°W

Distribuição Países | Áreas FAO | Ecossistemas | Ocorrências | Point map | Introduções | Faunafri

Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and east coast of Africa to the Hawaiian and Marquesan islands, north to southern Japan (Ref. 559) and the Ogasawara Islands, south to northern Australia. Hybrid with Caranx melampygus found in Hawaii (Ref. 58422).

Length at first maturity / Tamanho / Peso / Idade

Maturity: L_m 60.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 170 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 9710); common length : 100.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 5213); peso máx. Publicado: 80.0 kg (Ref. 4795)

Descrição breve Chaves de identificação | Morfologia | Morfometria

Espinhos dorsais (total) : 9; Raios dorsais moles (total) : 18 - 21; Espinhos anais: 3; Raios anais moles: 15 - 17; Vértebras: 24. This species is distinguished by the following characters: gill rakers (including rudiments) 5-7 + 15-17 = 20-24; breast naked ventrally, typically with a small to large patch of prepelvic scales; colour in life of adults, head and body silvery grey to black above, usually paler below; fins usually uniformly grey to black, fish from turbid coastal waters often with yellow fins, the anal fin usually brightest (Ref. 9894).

Adults are pelagic over sand and rock (Ref. 58302). They occur singly and inhabit clear lagoon and seaward reefs (Ref. 9710). They feed on crustaceans (like crabs and spiny lobsters) and fishes at night (Ref. 4887). Juveniles are found in estuaries. Large individuals may be ciguatoxic. The largest trevally reaches 1.7 m in length and a weight of over 60 kg (Ref. 48635). Spawning occurs on shallow seaward reefs and offshore banks (Ref. 37816). Sold mostly fresh and dried salted.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reprodução | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvas

Referência principal Upload your references | Referências | Coordenador : Smith-Vaniz, William F. | Colaboradores

Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley, 1989. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300)

Categoria na Lista Vermelha da IUCN (Ref. 130435)

Preocupação menor (LC) ; Date assessed: 09 March 2015

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Ameaça para o homem

Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 9710)

Utilização humana

Pescarias: espécies comerciais; Aquacultura: espécies comerciais; peixe desportivo: sim; Aquário: Aquários públicos

FAO(pescarias: produção; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Mais informação

Trophic ecology
Itens alimentares
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Food consumptions
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Predadores

Ecology
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Physiology
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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 21.2 - 28.4, mean 26.8 (based on 1154 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01862 (0.01559 - 0.02224), b=2.95 (2.92 - 2.98), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Nível Trófico (Ref. 69278): 4.2 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.

Resiliência (Ref. 120179): Médio, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 1,4 - 4,4 anos (K=0.08-0.11; tm=3.5).

Prior r = 0.56, 95% CL = 0.37 - 0.83, Based on 2 data-limited stock assessments.

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High to very high vulnerability (74 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): High to very high vulnerability (72 of 100).

Categoria de preço (Ref. 80766): High.

Caranx ignobilis (Forsskål, 1775)