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Epinephelus fuscoguttatus (Forsskål, 1775)

Brown-marbled grouper
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Philippines country information

Common names: Baraka, Brown-marbled grouper, Bulang
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: commercial | Ref:
Aquaculture: likely future use | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: live export: yes;
Comments: Known from Sorsogon City (Ref. 58652) and Lanuza Bay (Ref. 104756). Museum: MNHN 1884-222. Lubang Is., Tilig, USNM 170621. Luzon, Matnoy Bay, USNM 170789. Lingayen Gulf, LACM 37402-1, 37431-10, 42477-2 (Ref. 4787). Also Ref. 2114, 5222, 53416.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/rp.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Rau, N. and A. Rau, 1980
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Классификация / Names народные названия | синонимы | Catalog of Fishes(род, виды) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Perciformes/Serranoidei (Groupers) > Epinephelidae (Groupers)
Etymology: Epinephelus: Greek, epinephelos = cloudy (Ref. 45335).
  More on author: Forsskål.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range экология

морской ассоциированный с рифами; пределы глубины 1 - 60 m (Ref. 9710).   Tropical; 29°N - 27°S, 33°E - 171°W (Ref. 5222)

распространение страны | регионы FAO | Ecosystems | места находок | Point map | интродукции | Faunafri

Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to Samoa and the Phoenix Islands, north to Japan, south to Australia. Unknown from the Persian Gulf, Hawaii, and French Polynesia. Often confused with Epinephelus polyphekadion (=Epinephelus microdon of recent authors).

Length at first maturity / Size / Вес / Возраст

Maturity: Lm 48.0  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 120 cm TL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 2114); common length : 50.0 cm TL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 9137); наибольший вес (опубликованные данные): 11.0 kg (Ref. 5222); наибольший возраст (опубликованны данные): 40 годы (Ref. 74383)

Краткое описание определительные ключи | морфология | морфометрия

колючие лучи спинного плавника (общее число) : 11; членистые (мягкие) лучи спинного плавника (общее число) : 14 - 15; колючие лучи анального плавника: 3; членистые (мягкие) лучи анального плавника: 8. This species is distinguished by the following characters: body moderately deep, its depth 2.6-2.9 in SL (for specimens 11-55 cm SL); head length 2.3-2.5 in SL; interorbital area flat or slightly concave; dorsal head profile of adults indented at eyes and distinctly convex from there to dorsal-fin origin; rounded preopercle, finely serrate; upper edge of operculum distinctly convex, descending almost vertically to rear end of operculum; ventral edge of preorbital bone indented below nostrils; maxilla extends well posterior to eye; midlateral part of lower jaw with 3 or 4 rows of teeth; posterior nostrils triangular, 4-7 times larger than anteriors in adults; gill rakers on first gill arch 10-12 + 17-21 (rudiments often difficult to count), gill rakers short and stout, raker at angle subequal to longest gill filaments, other rakers distinctly shorter; cycloid scales except ctenoid in juvenile; body with auxiliary scales; caudal fin rounded; pectoral-fin rays 18-20; lateral-line scales 52 to 58. Colour: pale yellowish brown, with 5 vertical series of dark brown blotches that are very irregular in outline; head, body, and fins covered with close-set small brown spots, those on the dark blotches much darker than spots in between blotches; caudal peduncle with small black saddle dorsally; 2 or 3 faint, dark bars at side of jaws (Ref. 39231, 89707).

биология     глоссарий (например epibenthic)

Occurs in lagoon pinnacles, channels, and outer reef slopes, in coral-rich (Ref. 1937) areas and with clear waters. Juveniles in seagrass beds (Ref. 30573, 41878). Feeds on fishes, crabs, and cephalopods. May be ciguatoxic in some areas (Ref. 1602). Mainly active at dusk (Ref. 48635). Palau fishers increase their drop-line and spear-gun catches through knowledge of reproductive cycle of remochel, one of most important species in the area (Ref. 2928). Cultured under experimental conditions in the Philippines; a candidate for aquaculture in Singapore. In Hong Kong live fish markets (Ref. 27253). Caught with hook-and-line, traps, and spear and occasionally seen in local markets (Ref. 39231).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | размножение | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | личинки

Основная ссылка Upload your references | ссылки | координатор | соавторы

Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)

Статус Красного Списка МСОП (Ref. 130435)

  уязвимый; см. Красный Список МСОП (VU) (A2bd+4bd); Date assessed: 20 November 2016

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Угроза для людей

  Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 4690)




Использование человеком

рыболовство: не имеет хозяйственного значения; аквакультура (рыбоводство): коммерческий; аквариум: коммерческий
FAO(Aquaculture systems: production; рыболовство: production; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

дополнительная информация

Trophic ecology
пищевые объекты
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
хищники
Ecology
экология
Home ranges
Life cycle
размножение
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
личинки
динамика численности личинок
Distribution
страны
регионы FAO
Ecosystems
места находок
интродукции
BRUVS - Videos
Anatomy
Gill areas
мозг
Otoliths
Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
Swimming type
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
звуки, издаваемые рыбами
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)
Genetics
генетика
Electrophoreses
Heritabilities
Human related
Aquaculture systems
особенности рыбоводства
степень растяжения
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
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References
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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 25.4 - 29.1, mean 28.2 (based on 1118 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01047 (0.00704 - 0.01558), b=3.03 (2.92 - 3.14), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  4.1   ±0.72 se; based on food items.
устойчивость к внешним воздействиям (Ref. 120179):  средний (среднего размера), минимальное время удвоения популяции 1.4-4.4 года (K=0.16-0.20).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  High vulnerability (57 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Very high vulnerability (91 of 100).
Категория цены (Ref. 80766):   Very high.