Common names from other countries
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري مرتبطة بالشعاب; نطاق العمق 1 - 60 m (Ref. 27115), usually 25 - 60 m (Ref. 27115). Tropical; 24°C - 28°C (Ref. 27115); 35°N - 31°S, 30°E - 128°W
Indo-Pacific: East Africa, including the Mascarene Islands (Ref. 37792) to the Hawaiian, Marquesan, and Tuamoto islands, north to southern Japan, south to Lord Howe Island.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 100.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 2334)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 5; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 28 - 29; شوكة شرجية: 2; أشعه شرجية لينه: 27 - 28. Plain brown or olivaceous in color, paler below; subadults with black caudal rays, narrow margins and white caudal filaments; pectoral fins with white distal margins (Ref. 3145).
Juveniles occur in clear, shallow lagoon reefs at depths as little as 1 m; adults rarely seen in less than 25 m, encountered off outer reef drop-offs in small schools (Ref. 30573, 48637). Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Feeds on large zooplankton during the day and shelter within the reef during the night; also benthic algae (Ref. 30573, 48637).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | التكاثر | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae
Spawn in pairs (Ref. 240).
Myers, R.F., 1991. Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
CITES (Ref. 128078)
Not Evaluated
خطر للأنسان
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 30298)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: تجاري; حوض مائي: تجاري
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 23.5 - 28.3, mean 27.1 (based on 335 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02239 (0.01279 - 0.03918), b=2.97 (2.82 - 3.12), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 2.1 ±0.09 se; based on food items.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): منخفض, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 4.5-14 سنة (K=0.213; Tmax=23).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (45 of 100).