Common names from other countries
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
marina bottenlevande; djupintervall ? - 100 m (Ref. 5217). Tropical; 37°N - 6°S
Western Atlantic: North Carolina, USA and northern Gulf of Mexico to northern Brazil.
Size / Vikt / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 180 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 5217); common length : 150 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 5217)
Found on soft bottoms.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reproduktion | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larver
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
CITES (Ref. 128078)
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Verktyg
Special reports
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 23 - 28, mean 25.8 (based on 402 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00089 (0.00039 - 0.00204), b=3.00 (2.80 - 3.20), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.7 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resiliens (Ref.
120179): Låg, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 4,5-14 år (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).