Main Ref. | Ng, H.H. and M. Kottelat, 2000 |
Appearance refers to | |
Bones in OsteoBase |
Specialized organs | |
Different appearance | |
Different colors | |
Remarks |
Striking features | striking barbels(s) |
Body shape lateral | elongated |
Cross section | compressed |
Dorsal head profile | |
Type of eyes | |
Type of mouth/snout | |
Position of mouth | sub-terminal/inferior |
Type of scales | |
Diagnosis |
Can be differentiated from its congeners in the combination of following characters: skin heavily keratinized, cranium and interneural covered with numerous large, elongate tubercles, supraoccipital and interneural without sharp ridges, skin above neural spines anterior and posterior to adipose fin never forming distinct ridges, slender elongate neural spines, elliptical eyes, body depth at anus 11.0-12.3 %SL, head width 20.3-21.7 %SL, snout length 51.4-54.7 %HL, eye diameter 4.1-8.1 %HL; 12-13 pectoral-fin rays; caudal fin with 8-9 rays; 23-24 preanal vertebrae; adipose fin with short base and angular dorsal margin; dark yellow on dorsal and lateral surfaces of head and body, fading to light yellow on ventral region; dorsal surfaces of head and body with three darkly pigmented (brown) bands or blotches; a few small brown spots irregularly distributed throughout lighter parts of body; light yellow fins with a variable pattern of small brown spots distributed irregularly, orange fins in life (Ref. 37037). Adipose origin in front or above anal fin origin; longitudinal diameter of eye 12-24 times in HL (Ref. 43281). |
Ease of Identification |
Lateral Lines | Interrupted: No |
Scales on lateral line | |
Pored lateral line scales | |
Scales in lateral series | |
Scale rows above lateral line | |
Scale rows below lateral line | |
Scales around caudal peduncle | |
Barbels | |
Gill clefts (sharks/rays only) | |
Gill rakers | |
on lower limb | |
on upper limb | |
total | |
Vertebrae | |
preanal | 23 - 24 |
total | 42 - 43 |
Attributes | |
Fins number | 1 |
Finlets No. | Dorsal |
Ventral | |
Spines total | 1 - 1 |
Soft-rays total | 6 - 6 |
Adipose fin | present |
Attributes | forked; with dorsal filament |
Fins number | 1 |
Spines total | |
Soft-rays total | 12 - 13 |
Pectoral | Attributes 1st ray hardened with locking structure |
Spines 1 | |
Soft-rays 12 - 13 | |
Pelvics | Attributes more or less normal |
Position abdominal behind origin of D1 | |
Spines | |
Soft-rays 6 - 6 |