Main Ref. | Smith-Vaniz, W.F., 1999 |
Appearance refers to | Male; Female |
Bones in OsteoBase |
Specialized organs | |
Different appearance | |
Different colors | different colors during breeding season only |
Remarks | Courtship sometimes observed (usually at dusk) with pairs swimming together, the male assuming black color (Ref. 90102). |
Striking features | |
Body shape lateral | fusiform / normal |
Cross section | compressed |
Dorsal head profile | more or less straight |
Type of eyes | eyes with fixed fatty (adipose) tissue/eyelids |
Type of mouth/snout | more or less normal |
Position of mouth | terminal |
Type of scales | cycloid scales |
Diagnosis |
This species is distinguished by the following characters: dorsal profile moderately convex anteriorly; adipose eyelid well developed, moderate anteriorly, posterior eyelid extends onto eye to rear border of pupil; gill rakers (including rudiments) 6-8 + 15-19 = 21-25; straight part of lateral line with 0-3 anterior scales followed by 27-36 strong, dark scutes; breast completely scaly; vertebrae 10+15; upper jaw with outer row of strong canines widely spaced in adults, and an inner band of small villiform teeth, widest at symphysis; on lower limb of first gill arch jaw with a single row of strong conical teeth widely spaced in adults. Colour in life with adults' head and body silvery olive to iridescent blue-green above, silvery olive to whitish below; small blackish spot, much smaller than pupil diameter, at upper angle of opercle (this spot evident on specimens of about 14 cm fork length); second dorsal fin olive to blackish, the lobe with a white tip (white tip becomes more obvious with increasing size) (Ref. 9894). Description: Anal and caudal fins yellowish to black; body oblong and compressed; ventral profile slightly convex; pectoral fins falcate; anal fin with 2 detached spines (Ref. 2334, 90102). |
Ease of Identification |
Lateral Lines | 1 Interrupted: No |
Scales on lateral line | 0 - 3 |
Pored lateral line scales | |
Scales in lateral series | |
Scale rows above lateral line | |
Scale rows below lateral line | |
Scales around caudal peduncle | |
Barbels | 0 |
Gill clefts (sharks/rays only) | |
Gill rakers | |
on lower limb | 15 - 19 |
on upper limb | 6 - 8 |
total | 21 - 27 |
Vertebrae | |
preanal | 10 - 10 |
total | 25 - 25 |
Attributes | no striking attributes |
Fins number | 2 |
Finlets No. | Dorsal |
Ventral | |
Spines total | 9 - 9 |
Soft-rays total | 19 - 22 |
Adipose fin | absent |
Attributes | forked; more or less normal |
Fins number | 2 |
Spines total | 3 - 3 |
Soft-rays total | 14 - 17 |
Pectoral | Attributes more or less normal |
Spines | |
Soft-rays | |
Pelvics | Attributes more or less normal |
Position thoracic before origin of D1 | |
Spines | |
Soft-rays |