| Main Ref. | Wang, S. (ed.), 1998 |
| Appearance refers to | |
| Bones in OsteoBase |
| Specialized organs | |
| Different appearance | |
| Different colors | |
| Remarks |
| Striking features | none |
| Body shape lateral | fusiform / normal |
| Cross section | |
| Dorsal head profile | |
| Type of eyes | more or less normal |
| Type of mouth/snout | other (see remarks) |
| Position of mouth | superior |
| Type of scales | ctenoid scales |
| Diagnosis |
Snout pointed; lower jaw much projected and upper one reaching beneath eyes; preopercular serrated on hind margin and opercular spines 2; branchial membranes separated and free; gill rakers knobble-shaped. Pyloric caeca 5-10. Pectoral, pelvic and caudal fins rounded. Anomalistic macula and dark spots on the head and body sides (Ref. 85820). |
| Ease of Identification |
| Lateral Lines | 1 Interrupted: No |
| Scales on lateral line | 89 - 99 |
| Pored lateral line scales | |
| Scales in lateral series | |
| Scale rows above lateral line | |
| Scale rows below lateral line | |
| Scales around caudal peduncle | |
| Barbels | |
| Gill clefts (sharks/rays only) | absent |
| Gill rakers | |
| on lower limb | |
| on upper limb | |
| total | |
| Vertebrae | |
| preanal | |
| total |
| Attributes | extending over most of the back length |
| Fins number | 1 |
| Finlets No. | Dorsal |
| Ventral | |
| Spines total | 12 - 14 |
| Soft-rays total | 10 - 11 |
| Adipose fin |
| Attributes | other (see remark); more or less normal |
| Fins number | |
| Spines total | 3 - 3 |
| Soft-rays total | 7 - 7 |
| Pectoral | Attributes more or less normal |
| Spines 0 | |
| Soft-rays 14 - 14 | |
| Pelvics | Attributes more or less normal |
| Position abdominal behind origin of D1 | |
| Spines 1 | |
| Soft-rays 5 - 5 |