Family Mobulidae - Devilrays | ||||
Order | : | Myliobatiformes | ||
Class | : | Elasmobranchii | ||
No. in FishBase | : | Genera : 1 | Species : 11 Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes | ||
Environment | : | Fresh : No | Brackish : No | Marine : Yes | ||
Division | : | |||
Aquarium | : | |||
First Fossil Record | : | |||
Remark | : | Distribution: circumglobal in tropical and warm temperate seas. Habitat: mostly pelagic over continental shelves and near offshore islands; often in small to very large groups and mostly observed swiiming neat the water surface. Traits and feeding: vivparous (aplacental), one pup per litter; feed mainly on planktonic organisms sieved from the water using the highly modified branchial filter plates.. Morphology: Medium to very large rays (adults attain 1.1 m to at leaset 7 m in disc width), with a rhomboidal and 'wing-like' disc that is much broader than long; head broad protruding forward anteriorly beyond eye level and with prominent cephalic lobes extending forward on each side; broad trunk depressed and thick; location of eyes and spiracles lateral; mouth very broad, either terminal or ventral (subterminal), jaws with minute tooth bands or only in the lower jaw; tail long to relatively short, usually much less than dsic width; small dorsal fin near its base; sometines with a small serrated caudal sting; skin sometimes rough but without thorns or enlarged denticles (Ref. 114953). Uses: caught mainly as bycatch in several tropical net fisheries; when targeted in some areas, for the filter plates or human consumption; mostly discarded at sea or made into fishmeal. Important to diving ecotourism. | ||
Etymology | : | |||
Reproductive guild | : | |||
Typical activity level | : | |||
Main Ref. | : | Last, P.R., W.T. White, M.R. de Carvalho, B. Séret, M.F.W. Stehmann and G.J.P. Naylor 2016 | ||
Coordinator | : | |||
Deep Fin Classification | : |
Important recommendation:
The list below must not be used as an authority reference synonymy list like those found in scientific published revisions, which must be the source to be used and cited eventually when they exist.
Rather, it reflects the current content of FishBase, and the progress with respect to synchronization with the Catalog of Fishes. However, we think it can be useful for users to assess the quality of information in FishBase, to start new work on the family, or to cross-check with other lists.
But we appreciate to be cited in publications when this list has been of any working value. In particular, for published scientific, we suggest then to cite it in the Material and Method section as a useful tool to conduct the research, but again, not as a taxonomic or nomenclatural authority reference.
Unless it is explicitly precised, the list is not complete, please search all original names published for the family in the Catalog of Fishes (genera, species), including those with uncertain or unknown status, that are not included in FishBase when they are not attached to a valid species.
This list uses some data from Catalog of Fishes (not shown but used to sort names).
The list ordered as follows:
Please send comments and corrections if you detect errors or missing names.
Scientifc name | Status | Senior/Junior synonym | Combination |
---|---|---|---|
Mobula mobular (Bonnaterre, 1788) | accepted | senior | new |
Raia mobular Bonnaterre, 1788 | synonym | senior | original |
Manta mobular (Bonnaterre, 1788) | synonym | senior | new |
! Mobular mobular (Bonnaterre, 1788) | synonym | senior | new |
Squalus edentulus Brünnich, 1768 | ambiguous | questionable | original |
Aodon cornu Lacepède, 1798 | ambiguous | questionable | original |
Raia fabroniana Lacepède, 1800 | synonym | junior | original |
Raja cephaloptera Bloch & Schneider, 1801 | synonym | junior | original |
Raja giorna Lacepède, 1803 | synonym | junior | original |
Cephaloptera giorna (Lacepède, 1803) | synonym | junior | new |
Cephalopterus giornae (Lacepède, 1803) | synonym | junior | new |
Dicerobatis giornae (Lacepède, 1803) | synonym | junior | new |
Raja diabolus Shaw, 1804 | ambiguous | questionable | original |
Mobula diabolus (Shaw, 1804) | ambiguous | questionable | new |
Mobula auriculata Rafinesque, 1810 | synonym | junior | original |
Apterurus fabroni Rafinesque, 1810 | synonym | junior | original |
Cephalopterus massena Risso, 1810 | synonym | junior | original |
Cephaloptera tatraniana van Hasselt, 1823 | synonym | junior | original |
Cephalopterus edentula Griffini, 1903 | synonym | junior | original |
Mobula birostris (Walbaum, 1792) | accepted | senior | new |
! Manta brevirostris Auctorum | synonym | other | other |
Raja birostris Walbaum, 1792 | synonym | senior | original |
Manta birostris (Walbaum, 1792) | synonym | senior | new |
Raja manatia Bloch & Schneider, 1801 | synonym | junior | original |
Cephalopterus vampyrus Mitchill, 1824 | synonym | junior | original |
Cephalopterus manta Bancroft, 1829 | synonym | junior | original |
Manta americana Bancroft, 1829 | synonym | junior | original |
Ceratoptera ehrenbergii Müller & Henle, 1841 | synonym | junior | original |
Manta ehrenbergii (Müller & Henle, 1841) | synonym | junior | new |
! Ceratoptera ehrenbergi Müller & Henle, 1841 | synonym | junior | original |
Ceratoptera johnii Müller & Henle, 1841 | synonym | junior | original |
Brachioptilon hamiltoni Hamilton & Newman, 1849 | synonym | junior | original |
Manta hamiltoni (Hamilton & Newman, 1849) | synonym | junior | new |
Cephaloptera stelligera Günther, 1870 | synonym | junior | original |
Manta raya Baer, 1899 | ambiguous | questionable | original |
Ceratoptera alfredi (non Krefft, 1868) | misapplied | misapplied | original |
Manta alfredi (non Krefft, 1868) | misapplied | misapplied | new |
Mobula hypostoma (Bancroft, 1831) | accepted | senior | new |
Mobula sp. Not applicable | ambiguous | questionable | other |
Cephalopterus hypostomus Bancroft, 1831 | synonym | senior | original |
Cephaloptera olfersii Müller, 1834 | synonym | junior | original |
Mobula olfersii (Müller, 1834) | synonym | junior | new |
Cephaloptera massenoidea Hill, 1862 | synonym | junior | original |
Ceratobatis robertsii Boulenger, 1897 | synonym | junior | original |
! Ceratobatis robertsi Boulenger, 1897 | synonym | junior | original |
! Mobula robertsi (Boulenger, 1897) | synonym | junior | new |
Mobula japanica (Müller & Henle, 1841) | accepted | senior | new |
Cephaloptera japanica Müller & Henle, 1841 | synonym | senior | original |
! Mobula japonica (Müller & Henle, 1841) | synonym | senior | new |
Mobula rancureli Cadenat, 1959 | synonym | junior | original |
Mobula kuhlii (Müller & Henle, 1841) | accepted | senior | new |
Cephaloptera kuhlii Müller & Henle, 1841 | synonym | senior | original |
Dicerobatis draco Günther, 1872 | synonym | junior | original |
Mobula diabolus (non Shaw, 1804) | misapplied | misapplied | new |
Mobula eregoodootenkee (Bleeker, 1859) | accepted | senior | new |
Cephaloptera eregoodootenkee Bleeker, 1859 | synonym | senior | original |
Dicerobatis eregoodoo Cantor, 1849 | synonym | junior | original |
Mobula eregoodoo (Cantor, 1849) | synonym | junior | new |
Mobula diabola (non Shaw, 1804) | misapplied | misapplied | misapplied |
Mobula diabolus (non Shaw, 1804) | misapplied | misapplied | new |
Mobula alfredi (Krefft, 1868) | accepted | senior | new |
! Deratoptera alfredi Krefft, 1868 | synonym | senior | original |
Ceratoptera alfredi Krefft, 1868 | synonym | senior | original |
Manta alfredi (Krefft, 1868) | synonym | senior | new |
Manta fowleri Whitley, 1936 | synonym | junior | original |
Manta pakoka Whitley, 1936 | synonym | junior | original |
! Manta pakota Whitley, 1936 | synonym | junior | original |
Mobula rochebrunei (Vaillant, 1879) | accepted | senior | new |
Cephaloptera rochebrunei Vaillant, 1879 | synonym | senior | original |
Mobula tarapacana (Philippi, 1892) | accepted | senior | new |
Cephaloptera tarapacana Philippi, 1892 | synonym | senior | original |
! Mobula tarapanaca (Philippi, 1892) | synonym | senior | new |
Mobula coilloti Cadenat & Rancurel, 1960 | synonym | junior | original |
Mobula formosana Teng, 1962 | synonym | junior | original |
Mobula thurstoni (Lloyd, 1908) | accepted | senior | new |
Dicerobatis thurstoni Lloyd, 1908 | synonym | senior | original |
Mobula lucasana Beebe & Tee-Van, 1938 | synonym | junior | original |
Mobula munkiana Notarbartolo-di-Sciara, 1987 | accepted | senior | original |