Family Esocidae - Pikes | ||||
Order | : | Esociformes | ||
Class | : | Teleostei | ||
No. in FishBase | : | Genera : 1 | Species : 7 Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes | ||
Environment | : | Fresh : Yes | Brackish : Yes | Marine : No | ||
Division | : | Primary freshwater | ||
Aquarium | : | some | ||
First Fossil Record | : | upper Cretaceous | Ref. Wilson et al. 1993 | |
Remark | : | Distribution: Northern Hemishpere, colder parts of Eurasia and North America. Duckbill-like snout. Forked caudal fin; caudal rays 40-50, usually 17 branched rays; no spines. Many small cycloid scales. Complete lateral line. With at least 8 pores in infraorbital canal. Branchiostegal rays 10-20. Nasals present. With 43-67 vertebrae. To 1.8 m maximum length. Pikes are voracious predators, feeding on a wide variety of fishes and other vertebrates. | ||
Etymology | : | From Greek, isox and also related with the Celtic root, eog, ehawc = salmon | ||
Reproductive guild | : | nonguarders | ||
Typical activity level | : | normal | ||
Main Ref. | : | Crossman, E.J. 1996 | ||
Coordinator | : | |||
Deep Fin Classification | : | Osteichthyes | Actinopterygii | Actinopteri | Neopterygii | Teleostei | Osteoglossocephalai | Clupeocephala | Euteleosteomorpha | Protacanthopterygii | | | | | | | | | Esociformes | | | Esocidae |
Important recommendation:
The list below must not be used as an authority reference synonymy list like those found in scientific published revisions, which must be the source to be used and cited eventually when they exist.
Rather, it reflects the current content of FishBase, and the progress with respect to synchronization with the Catalog of Fishes. However, we think it can be useful for users to assess the quality of information in FishBase, to start new work on the family, or to cross-check with other lists.
But we appreciate to be cited in publications when this list has been of any working value. In particular, for published scientific, we suggest then to cite it in the Material and Method section as a useful tool to conduct the research, but again, not as a taxonomic or nomenclatural authority reference.
Unless it is explicitly precised, the list is not complete, please search all original names published for the family in the Catalog of Fishes (genera, species), including those with uncertain or unknown status, that are not included in FishBase when they are not attached to a valid species.
This list uses some data from Catalog of Fishes (not shown but used to sort names).
The list ordered as follows:
Please send comments and corrections if you detect errors or missing names.
Scientifc name | Status | Senior/Junior synonym | Combination |
---|---|---|---|
Esox lucius Linnaeus, 1758 | accepted | senior | original |
Trematina foveolata Trautschold, 1884 | synonym | other | original |
Lucius lucius (Linnaeus, 1758) | synonym | senior | new |
Luccius vorax Rafinesque, 1810 | synonym | junior | original |
Esox estor Lesueur, 1818 | synonym | junior | original |
Esox lucius variegatus Fitzinger, 1832 | synonym | other | original |
Esox lucioides Agassiz & Girard, 1850 | synonym | junior | original |
Esox boreus Agassiz, 1850 | synonym | junior | original |
Esox nobilior Thompson, 1850 | ambiguous | questionable | original |
Esox reichertii baicalensis Dybowski, 1874 | synonym | junior | original |
Esox lucius atrox Anikin, 1902 | synonym | junior | original |
Esox lucius bergi Kaganowsky, 1933 | synonym | junior | original |
Esox lucius lucius wiliunensis Kirillov, 1962 | synonym | other | original |
Esox americanus Gmelin, 1789 | accepted | senior | original |
Esox americanus americanus Gmelin, 1789 | synonym | senior | change in rank |
Esox vermiculatus Lesueur, 1846 | synonym | junior | original |
Esox americanus vermiculatus Lesueur, 1846 | synonym | junior | change in rank |
Esox cypho Cope, 1865 | synonym | junior | original |
Esox niger Lesueur, 1818 | accepted | senior | original |
Esox reticulatus Lesueur, 1818 | synonym | junior | original |
Esox masquinongy Mitchill, 1824 | accepted | senior | original |
Esox masquinongy masquinongy Mitchill, 1824 | synonym | senior | change in rank |
Esox estor Lesueur, 1818 | ambiguous | questionable | original |
Esox nobilior Thompson, 1850 | ambiguous | questionable | original |
Esox lucioides (non Agassiz & Girard, 1850) | misapplied | misapplied | original |
Esox reichertii Dybowski, 1869 | accepted | senior | original |
! Esox reicherti Dybowski, 1869 | synonym | senior | original |
! Lucius reicherti (Dybowski, 1869) | synonym | senior | new |
Esox lucius (non Linnaeus, 1758) | misapplied | misapplied | original |
Esox cisalpinus Bianco & Delmastro, 2011 | accepted | senior | original |
Esox flaviae Lucentini, Puletti, Ricciolini, Gigliarelli, Fontaneto, Lanfaloni, Bilò, Natali & Panara, 2011 | synonym | junior | original |
Esox aquitanicus Denys, Dettai, Persat, Hautecoeur & Keith, 2014 | accepted | senior | original |