Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري; مياه مخلوطة القاع; محيطية (Ref. 51243); نطاق العمق 30 - ? m (Ref. 2058). Subtropical; 47°N - 28°N, 6°W - 42°E
Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea, and Sea of Azov.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 29.9 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 115022); العمر: 5 سنين (Ref. 4696)
Benthic, inshore, brackish water, estuaries and lagoons, on mud and eel-grass meadows. Commercial in the Black Sea and in Sivash (Ref. 2058). Occasionally recorded in freshwater, but there are no documented records of actual occurrence in European freshwaters (Ref. 59043).
Iteroparous, females produce more than one batch of eggs within the breeding season (Ref. 50965).
Miller, P.J., 1979. Gobiidae. p. 483-515. In J.C. Hureau and Th. Monod (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and of the Mediterranean (CLOFNAM). UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 4345)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: تجاري
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 14 - 20.1, mean 17.1 °C (based on 26 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00835 - 0.01197), b=3.00 (2.95 - 3.05), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 3.2 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): وسيط, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 1.4-4.4 سنة (tm=2-3; Fec>5,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 93.8 [48.6, 200.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.999 [0.557, 1.853] mg/100g; Protein = 18.7 [16.8, 20.2] %; Omega3 = 0.333 [0.152, 0.574] g/100g; Selenium = 19.4 [9.9, 37.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 16.8 [5.3, 48.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.16 [0.80, 1.70] mg/100g (wet weight);
