分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Scombriformes (Mackerels) >
Trichiuridae (Cutlassfishes) > Lepidopodinae
Etymology: Lepidopus: Greek, lepis = scale + Greek, pous = foot (Ref. 45335); fitchi: Named in honor of the late John Fitch, indefatigable student of California fishes (Ref. 12696).
Eponymy: John Edgar Fitch (1918–1982) was a marine biologist and ichthyologist who was Director of the US Fisheries Laboratory, San Diego. He wrote: Offshore fishes of California (1958). (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on authors: Rosenblatt & Wilson.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 底中水层性; 深度上下限 100 - 500 m (Ref. 6181), usually 100 - 250 m (Ref. 9351). 深水域; 46°N - 17°S, 128°W - 75°W (Ref. 6181)
Eastern Pacific: Cape Kiwanda, Oregon, USA to the Gulf of California; then from 5°N to southern Peru.
東太平洋: 岬 Kiwanda, 美國的奧勒岡州到加州灣; 然後從 5個 ° N 到南方的祕魯。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 210 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9351); common length : 150 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9351); 最大体重: 1.4 kg (Ref. 6181)
简单描述
检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图
背的软条 (总数) : 78 - 87; 臀棘: 2; 臀鳍软条: 41 - 50; 脊椎骨: 84 - 93. Upper head profile slightly convex, rising gently from snout to dorsal-fin origin. Orbits nearly touching dorsal profile; interorbital space slightly concave. Pelvic fins reduced to 1 scale-like spine and 1 - 2 tiny rays. Pyloric caeca 16 - 18. Color of body is black or brown with a silvery shine along the abdomen.
头部上半部轮廓些微中凸, 逐渐地升起从吻尖到背鳍起点。 眼窝几乎碰触背面轮廓; 眼间隔些微地凹曲。 腹鳍缩小成 1根像鳞片一样的棘了与 1- 2个极小的鳍条。 幽门盲囊 16- 18. 身体的颜色是黑色的或者褐色的有银色的光泽沿着腹部。
Benthopelagic on the continental shelf and slope, up to a depth of 400 m or more; generally found over sandy bottoms at a depth between 100 and 250 m (Ref. 9351). During cold season, it is often seen near the surface at nights when the moon is full (Ref. 9351). May also be encountered in surge zones and sometimes observed to be beached in large numbers by the shore (Ref. 9351). A schooling species which feeds on cephalopods, euphausiids and small fishes, including Engraulis mordax and juvenile Merluccius productus. Marketed fresh and frozen (Ref. 9351). Excellent food fish, also processed into fish meal and oil (Ref. 9351).
在大陆架及大陆坡上的大洋底栖性鱼种, 到深度 400个公尺或更多; 通常在 100 与 250 公尺之间的深度发现在砂质底部上面了。 (参考文献 9351) 在寒冷的季节期间, 它时常见到晚上接近水表面处当月圆.(参考文献 9351) 可能也在涌浪区被见到与有时观察被在大的数量海滩藉由海岸.(参考文献 9351) 吃头足类动物，磷虾与小鱼的一个群游性鱼种, 包括 美洲 ［Engraulis mordax］ 与稚鱼 Merluccius productus. 在市场上销售生鲜和冷冻.(参考文献 9351) 优良的食用鱼, 也加工成鱼粉与油。 (参考文献 9351)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
東太平洋: 岬 Kiwanda, 美國的奧勒岡州到加州灣; 然後從 5個 ° N 到南方的祕魯。
Nakamura, I. and N.V. Parin, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 15. Snake mackerels and cutlassfishes of the world (families Gempylidae and Trichiuridae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the snake mackerels, snoeks, escolars, gemfishes, sackfishes, domine, oilfish, cutlassfishes,. scabbardfishes, hairtails, and frostfishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(15):136 p. (Ref. 6181)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济
工具
特别资料
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 8.2 - 15.4, mean 12.8 °C (based on 70 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00275 (0.00104 - 0.00730), b=3.06 (2.83 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.1 ±0.59 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 11.5 [5.3, 23.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.289 [0.135, 0.650] mg/100g; Protein = 17.2 [15.5, 18.8] %; Omega3 = 0.209 [0.095, 0.481] g/100g; Selenium = 30.3 [11.9, 77.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 8.03 [1.37, 41.90] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.26 [0.17, 0.43] mg/100g (wet weight);
