Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Freshwater; demersal; pH range: 6.5 - 7.5; dH range: 10 - 20. Temperate; 10°C - 25°C (Ref. 12468); 38°N - 29°N
North America: Lower Roanoke River drainage, North Carolina; south to middle parts of St. Johns River, Florida; west to Brazos River drainages, Texas; and north to lower Wabash River drainage, Indiana and Illinois, USA.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 4.7 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 5723); common length : 3.5 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 12193); max. reported age: 3.00 years (Ref. 12193)
Adults occur in swamps, heavily vegetated sloughs and small sluggish streams, usually over mud (Ref. 10294, 58020). They feed on microcrustacea together with midge larvae, larger crustacea (isopods and amphipods), mayfly nymphs, and small snails and clams (Ref. 10294). Oviparous, eggs are deposited in aquatic vegetation, preferably on strands of Ceratophyllum sp. when available (Ref. 58020).
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01122 (0.00514 - 0.02450), b=3.04 (2.87 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilience (Ref.
120179): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Fec=145).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
