Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei (teleosts) > Mulliformes (Goatfishes) > Mullidae (Goatfishes)
Etymology: Parupeneus: Latin, parum, parvum = small + Peneus, the name of a river.
More on author: Lacepède.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; reef-associated; depth range ? - 200 m (Ref. 100719). Tropical

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea and Persian Gulf south to South Africa (reaching Struisbaai, Ref. 11228) and east to the western Pacific. Southeast Atlantic: South Africa (Ref. 5405).

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 43.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9710); common length : 23.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 3470)

Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 8 - 9; Dorsal soft rays (total): 8; Anal spines: 1; Anal soft rays: 6. Color variable; with or without a black saddle on caudal peduncle (Ref. 5405).

Found on sandy bottoms and murky areas of coastal waters (Ref. 5213).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator : Randall, John E. | Collaborators

Kumaran, M. and J.E. Randall, 1984. Mullidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean fishing area 51. Vol. 3. (Ref. 3470)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 12 August 2019

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: commercial

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

More information

Trophic ecology
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Internet sources

Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00977 (0.00517 - 0.01847), b=3.08 (2.92 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.5 ±0.37 se; based on food items.

Resilience (Ref. 120179): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 27.1 [14.0, 58.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.289 [0.147, 0.627] mg/100g; Protein = 17.8 [14.5, 20.8] %; Omega3 = 0.135 [0.076, 0.251] g/100g; Selenium = 70 [34, 164] μg/100g; VitaminA = 175 [35, 724] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.488 [0.296, 0.935] mg/100g (wet weight);

Parupeneus rubescens (Lacepède, 1801)