Classification / Names
Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei (teleosts) >
Cypriniformes (Carps) >
Cyprinidae (Minnows or carps) > Cyprininae
Etymology: schwanefeldii: Named for military surgeon H. W. Schwanefeld, who collected the type series.
Eponymy: Lieutenant Colonel H W Schwanefeld was a Dutch military surgeon. He collected both of the types in West Sumatra. Bleeker misspelled his name in the binomials; a mistake he subsequently corrected but the original spelling must, by convention, be retained. (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Bleeker.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Freshwater; benthopelagic; pH range: 6.5 - 7.0; dH range: ? - 10; potamodromous (Ref. 51243). Tropical; 22°C - 25°C (Ref. 13371); 16°N - 4°S
Asia: Mekong and Chao Phraya basins, Malay Peninsula, Sumatra and Borneo.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 35.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 30857); common length : 20.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 4835)
Dorsal spines (total): 3; Dorsal soft rays (total): 8; Anal spines: 3; Anal soft rays: 5. Distinguished from other species of the genus in having a red dorsal fin with a black blotch at the tip, red pectoral, pelvic and anal fins, red caudal fin with white margin and a black submarginal stripe along each lobe, and 8 scale rows between dorsal-fin origin and lateral line (Ref. 27732). Large individuals silvery or golden yellow in life with its dorsal fin red and caudal fin orange or blood-red (Ref. 2091).
Found in rivers, streams, canals and ditches (Ref. 12693). Occurs in medium to large-sized rivers and enters flooded fields (Ref. 12975). In east Kalimantan, Indonesia a temperature range of 20.4-33.7°C was recorded for this species (Ref. 6129). Largely herbivorous, consuming aquatic macrophytes and submerged land plants, as well as filamentous algae and occasionally insects (Ref. 12693). Also feeds on small fishes (Ref. 12693), worms and crustaceans (Ref. 7020). Usually marketed fresh (Ref. 12693).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Kottelat, M., A.J. Whitten, S.N. Kartikasari and S. Wirjoatmodjo, 1993. Freshwater fishes of Western Indonesia and Sulawesi. Periplus Editions, Hong Kong. 221 p. (Ref. 7050)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: subsistence fisheries; aquaculture: commercial; aquarium: commercial; bait: occasionally
Tools
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01023 (0.00661 - 0.01585), b=3.01 (2.89 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.0 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Resilience (Ref.
120179): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Assuming tm=1; Fec=8,000-16,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 242 [120, 656] mg/100g; Iron = 0.861 [0.502, 1.668] mg/100g; Protein = 16.6 [15.4, 18.0] %; Omega3 = 0.498 [0.216, 1.153] g/100g; Selenium = 65.7 [29.7, 135.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 41.2 [13.7, 137.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.33 [0.77, 2.10] mg/100g (wet weight);
