Teleostei (teleosts) >
Kurtiformes (Nurseryfishes, cardinalfishes.) >
Apogonidae (Cardinalfishes) > Apogoninae
More on author: Smith.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; reef-associated; depth range 1 - 15 m (Ref. 11890). Tropical; 25°N - 27°S, 32°E - 168°W
Indo-West Pacific: East Africa to Samoa, north to the Yaeyamas, south to the Great Barrier Reef.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 5.5 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9710); common length : 4.3 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 37816)
Occurs in sheltered lagoons and bays, above branching corals and among reef crevices. Forms large schools, often with other species (Ref. 1602, 2334, 37816). Nocturnal (Ref. 7300).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Mouthbrooders (Ref. 240). Distinct pairing during courtship and spawning (Ref. 205).
Myers, R.F., 1991. Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial; aquarium: public aquariums
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.7 - 29.3, mean 28.5 °C (based on 2212 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01445 (0.00680 - 0.03071), b=3.07 (2.89 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilience (Ref.
120179): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 263 [114, 580] mg/100g; Iron = 1.5 [0.7, 3.0] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [17.1, 19.9] %; Omega3 = 0.123 [0.051, 0.312] g/100g; Selenium = 36.6 [13.0, 94.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 46.9 [10.6, 213.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 2.73 [1.54, 4.62] mg/100g (wet weight);