Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; reef-associated; depth range ? - 55 m (Ref. 9710). Tropical
Western Indian Ocean: Red Sea and East Africa to Maldives. Reported from the Philippines (Ref. 5515).
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 25.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 3503); common length : 20.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 3503)
Inhabits sand and rubble bottoms of coral reefs (Ref. 9710). Uncommon in markets.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Poss, S.G. and K.V. Rama Rao, 1984. Scorpaenidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean (Fishing Area 51). Vol. 4. FAO, Rome. pag. var. (Ref. 3503)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Human uses
Fisheries: minor commercial
Tools
Special reports
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Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.2 - 28.1, mean 26.7 °C (based on 68 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5010 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00398 - 0.02511), b=3.12 (2.91 - 3.33), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 4.1 ±0.7 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilience (Ref.
120179): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (21 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 58.1 [29.8, 129.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.588 [0.311, 1.640] mg/100g; Protein = 18.1 [16.5, 19.5] %; Omega3 = 0.217 [0.097, 0.579] g/100g; Selenium = 29.3 [15.6, 71.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 134 [47, 367] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.31 [0.92, 1.88] mg/100g (wet weight);