Classification / Names
Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei (teleosts) >
Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) >
Cynoglossidae (Tonguefishes) > Symphurinae
Etymology: Symphurus: Greek, syn, symphysis = grown together + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335); hongae: Named for Y.-S. Hong, mother of M.-Y. Lee, who gave him financial and moral support of his research..
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; demersal; depth range ? - 100 m (Ref. 126065). Subtropical
Northwestern Pacific: Taiwan.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?, range 5 - 5.06 cm
Max length : 5.7 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 126065); 5.7 cm SL (female)
Dorsal soft rays (total): 85 - 90; Anal soft rays: 71 - 78; Vertebrae: 46 - 49. This species is distinguished from all its congeners by the following set of characters: ID pattern1-2-2-2-2; caudal-fin rays 12; vertebrae abdominal 9 (3 + 6), total 46-49; hypurals 4; D 85-90; A 71-78; longitudinal scale rows 72-81; transverse scale rows 28-31; scale rows on head posterior to lower orbit 15-17; relatively wide body (BD= 27.2-30.2% of SL); PAL slightly long (22.5-27.6% of SL); head short (HL= 20.4–22.7% of SL), its length usually shorter than its width (HW/HL= 1.07–1.16); postorbital length relatively long (POL= 71.0-74.8% of HL); upper head lobe usually larger than lower head lobe; dorsal-fin origin at vertical through posterior margin of pupil of upper eye; predorsal length short (PDL= 16.1-21.7% of HL); snout short (SNL= 11.7-15.5% of HL; SNL/ED= 0.87–1. 39), rounded to obliquely blunt anteriorly; anterior margin of the upper eye usually in advance of anterior margin of lower eye; fleshy ridge well developed on posterior part of ocular-side lower jaw; with membrane covering both eyes; continuous fleshy flap between ocular-side anterior nostril and lower part of eye. Colouration: ocular-side pigmentation uniformly yellow to light brown, dermal melanophores present at bases of anteriormost dorsal-fin rays; blind-side pigmentation uniformly white, usually with pepper-dots and dermal melanophores at bases of dorsal- and anal-fin rays; both sides of bases of anteriormost dorsal- and analfin rays with distinct dermal spots; peritoneum bluish-black (Ref. 126065).
Based on recovered landings where this species is included in an assemblage of fish species which generally live at, or about depths shallower than 100 m, this fish is a shallow-water species inhabiting depths shallower than 100 m (Ref. 126065).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae
Lee, M.-Y. and T.A. Munroe, 2021. Unraveling cryptic diversity among shallow-water tonguefishes (Pleuronectiformes: Cynoglossidae: Symphurus) from the Indo-West Pacific region, with descriptions of five new species. Zootaxa 5039(1):1-5.5 (Ref. 126065)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = No PD50 data [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.2 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilience (Ref.
120179): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
