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Characidae (Characins; tetras) > Stethaprioninae
Etymology: Hyphessobrycon: Greek, hyphesson, -on, -on = a little smaller + Greek, bryko = to bite (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Myers.
Issue
Ornamental species. See Weitzman et al. (1988) for comments on the distribution.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Freshwater; benthopelagic; pH range: 5.8 - 7.8; dH range: 5 - 25; depth range 0 - ? m (Ref. 96863). Tropical; 22°C - 28°C (Ref. 96863)
South America: Brazil in streams and coastal rivers of Rio de Janeiro, in Guanabara bay basin, middle rio Paraíba do Sul basin and rio Guandu basin, and upper rio Tietê drainage (upper rio Paraná basin, São Paulo) (Ref. 96863). Thought to be extinct in the wild (Ref. 89952).
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 2.6 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 96863)
Dorsal soft rays (total): 11 - 12; Anal soft rays: 24 - 29; Vertebrae: 31 - 32. Hyphessobrycon flammeus is distinguished from other congeners (except H. bifasciatus, H. balbus, H. chocoensis, H. columbianus, H. condotensis, H. griemi, H. igneus, H. itaparicensis, H. panamensis, H. savagei, H. sebastiani, H. tortuguerae, and H. weitzmanorum) by having two humeral spots vertically elongated and lacking caudal peduncle blotch. It can be diagnosed from aforementioned species by having 5-8 maxillary teeth (vs. 1-3 in H. balbus, 1-2 in H. bifasciatus and H. igneus, 3 in H. condotensis and H. panamensis, 2-3 in H. griemi, 1-4 in H. savagei, 2 in H. chocoensis and H. sebastiani, 9-10 in H. tortuguerae), caudal fin hyaline (vs. caudal fin with black median stripe in H. weitzmanorum), no longitudinal stripe dark and second humeral spot conspicuous as well as first humeral spot (vs. faint longitudinal stripe dark and second humeral spot less defined than first in H. weitzmanorum) (Ref. 96863).
Inhabits small streams of slow flowing, dark-brown or clear water, shaded by small forests. Occurs also in small streams with clear water and sandy bottom. Prefers habitats with vegetation and streams with slow flowing water, living in depths not superior to 50 c and water temperature from 22°-28°C. Forms relatively numerous schools with agonistic interaction among alpha males. Feeds on small insects, worms and plants. Female lays around 200 to 330 oocytes on rocks, plants, or submerged debris; after that, the male releases the sperm for fertilization. The eggs hatch in about 2-3 days. Longevity is around four years (Ref. 96863). In tank, female lays 200 to 300 eggs which hatch in 2 to 3 days (Ref. 7020). Aquarium keeping: in groups of 5 or more individuals; minimum aquarium size 60 cm (Ref. 51539).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae
Carvalho, F.R., G.C. de Jesus and F. Langeani, 2014. Redescription of Hyphessobrycon flammeus Myers, 1924 (Ostariophysi: Characidae), a threatened species from Brazil. Neotrop. Ichyol. 12(2):247-256. (Ref. 96863)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial; aquarium: commercial
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Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01259 (0.00520 - 0.03049), b=3.08 (2.90 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 2.9 ±0.32 se; based on food items.
Resilience (Ref.
120179): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
