分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Gadiformes (Cods)
鱈形目 (Cods) >
Macrouridae (Grenadiers or rattails)
鼠尾鱈科 (Grenadiers or rattails)
Etymology: Malacocephalus: Greek, malakos = soft + Greek, kephale = head (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Lowe.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 深海底的; 非遷移的; 深度上下限 200 - 1000 m (Ref. 1371), usually 300 - 750 m (Ref. 3587). 深水域; 62°N - 43°S, 97°W - 124°E (Ref. 1371)
Atlantic, Indian and Pacific: Western Atlantic: Strait of Florida to Brazil, Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. Eastern Atlantic: Iceland (Ref. 12462) and Faroes to South Africa. Indian Ocean: Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal, off Maldives and off East African coast. Western Pacific: Indonesian area and Australia. Eastern Central Pacific (Ref. 9315). Malacocephalus hawaiiensis, Malacocephalus luzonensis, and Malacocephalus nipponensis are closely related to Malacocephalus laevis and may eventually prove to represent populations of this species, if a comprehensive comparison of material from the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific oceans is done (Ref. 1371).
西大西洋: 佛羅里達海峽到巴西，墨西哥灣與加勒比海。 東大西洋: 冰島 (參考文獻 12462) 與法羅到南非。 印度洋: 阿拉伯海，孟加拉灣, 外海的馬爾地夫與外海的東非海岸。 西太平洋: 印尼的區域與澳洲。 中太平洋東部.(參考文獻 9315) 夏威夷軟首鱈〔Malacocephalus hawaiiensis〕 ， 呂宋軟首鱈〔Malacocephalus luzonensis〕 與 日本軟首鱈〔Malacocephalus nipponensis〕 是與 軟頭條鱈〔Malacocephalus laevis〕 親源相近而且可能最後證明代表這種的族群, 如果一個採自大西洋，印度洋與太平洋的標本廣泛比較被做.(參考文獻 1371)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 2800); common length : 40.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 26999)
背棘 (總數) : 2; 背的軟條 (總數) : 229; 臀棘: 0. Head uniformly scaled, including the mandibles and the ventral aspects of the snout and suborbital. Snout blunt, its tip with a conical tubercle. The trunk is short, the body tapers abruptly from behind the first dorsal fin. The caudal fin is absent.
頭部均勻地覆有鱗片的,包括下顎與吻部與眶下骨的腹面。 吻鈍的, 它的頂端具有一個錐形小瘤。 軀幹是短, 身體從在後第一背鰭突然變細。 沒有尾鰭。
Found on continental slopes (Ref. 1371). Utilized mainly for fishmeal and oil (Ref. 1371). In the past, fishers in the North Atlantic were reported to have used the luminescent excretion from the ventral light organ to enhance baits used for cod fishing (Ref. 1371).
棲息於大陸斜坡了。 (參考文獻 1371) 主要地用作魚漿或魚油了。 (參考文獻 1371) 在以前，在北大西洋的漁夫被報告過去使用發光分泌物從腹面發光器為鱈魚捕撈提高餌料利用。 (參考文獻 1371)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
西大西洋: 佛羅里達海峽到巴西，墨西哥灣與加勒比海。 東大西洋: 冰島 (參考文獻 12462) 與法羅到南非。 印度洋: 阿拉伯海，孟加拉灣, 外海的馬爾地夫與外海的東非海岸。 西太平洋: 印尼的區域與澳洲。 中太平洋東部.(參考文獻 9315) 夏威夷軟首鱈〔Malacocephalus hawaiiensis〕 ， 呂宋軟首鱈〔Malacocephalus luzonensis〕 與 日本軟首鱈〔Malacocephalus nipponensis〕 是與 軟頭條鱈〔Malacocephalus laevis〕 親源相近而且可能最後證明代表這種的族群, 如果一個採自大西洋，印度洋與太平洋的標本廣泛比較被做.(參考文獻 1371)
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 11 July 2012
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 6.1 - 13.9, mean 9.5 °C (based on 824 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00129 (0.00074 - 0.00223), b=3.14 (2.98 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.56 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 非常低的, 最小族群倍增時間超過14 年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 19.5 [11.4, 49.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.413 [0.190, 0.856] mg/100g; Protein = 16.4 [14.7, 18.1] %; Omega3 = 0.211 [0.102, 0.439] g/100g; Selenium = 21.6 [8.4, 53.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 17.4 [3.5, 83.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.395 [0.249, 0.636] mg/100g (wet weight);
