分类 / Names
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Teleostei >
Scombriformes (Mackerels) >
Scombridae (Mackerels, tunas, bonitos) > Scombrinae
Etymology: Rastrelliger: Latin, rastra = rake + Latin, gero = to carry.
More on author: Bleeker.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 15 - 200 m (Ref. 28016). 20°C - 30°C (Ref. 54858); 18°N - 18°S, 93°E - 180°E (Ref. 54858)
Pacific Ocean: Andaman Sea to Thailand, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Islands and Fiji.
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 17.3  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 34.5 cm FL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 168); common length : 20.0 cm FL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 168); 最大年龄: 2.00 年 (Ref. 796)
背棘 (总数): 8 - 11; 背的软条 (总数): 12; 臀棘 0; 臀鳍软条: 12; 脊椎骨: 31. This species is distinguished by the following characters: body very deep, its depth at posterior margin of opercle 3.7-4.3 times in fork length; head equal to or less than body depth; maxilla covered by lacrimal bone but extending nearly to end of lacrimal; gill rakers very long, visible when mouth is opened, 30-48 on lower limb of first gill arch; numerous bristles on longest gill raker, about 150 on one side in specimens of 12.7 cm, 210 in specimens of 16 cm, and 240 at 19 cm fork length; intestine very long, 3.2-3.6 times fork length; snout pointed; swim bladder present; vertebrae 13 + 18 = 31; interpelvic process small and single; anal spine rudimentary. Colour of spinous dorsal fin yellowish with a black edge, pectoral and pelvic fins dusky, other fins yellowish (Ref. 168, 9684).
An epipelagic, neritic species that tolerates slightly reduced salinities in estuarine habitats and in areas where surface temperature range between 20° and 30°C. It forms schools of equally sized individuals. Batch spawning is believed to extend from March through September. Feeds chiefly on microzooplankton with a high phytoplankton component. Marketed fresh, frozen, canned, dried salted and smoked (Ref. 168, 9684).
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 2. Scombrids of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of tunas, mackerels, bonitos and related species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(2):137 p. (Ref. 168)
人类利用
渔业: 高经济性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.3 - 28.4, mean 27.2 °C (based on 781 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00955 (0.00815 - 0.01119), b=3.06 (3.02 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 2.7 ±0.31 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 0.9 (0.8 - 1.1) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 38
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (K=0.6-1.6; tmax=2).
Prior r = 1.19, 95% CL = 0.79 - 1.79, Based on 3 stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (18 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (69 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 241 [85, 719] mg/100g; Iron = 3.44 [1.55, 7.60] mg/100g; Protein = 20.8 [19.5, 22.1] %; Omega3 = 0.366 [0.161, 0.855] g/100g; Selenium = 66.4 [19.0, 217.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 10.8 [2.1, 48.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.95 [1.04, 5.00] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.