分类 / Names
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Teleostei >
Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) >
Cynoglossidae (Tonguefishes) > Symphurinae
Etymology: Symphurus: Greek, syn, symphysis = grown together + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Dr Thomas Marion Williams (1871–1947) took his BA at Stanford (1897) and MD at Columbia (1901) and practiced (1904) as a physician. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on authors: Jordan & Culver.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 居于水底的; 深度上下限 0 - 52 m (Ref. 9294), usually 0 - 30 m (Ref. 9294). 熱帶; 32°N -
Eastern Pacific: Gulf of California to Peru.
東太平洋: 加州灣到祕魯。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 18.7 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 130775); common length : 7.5 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9294); 最大体重: 57.00 g (Ref. 130775)
背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 89 - 95; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 73 - 79; 脊椎骨: 47 - 51.
Found in tide pools, estuaries and inlets with sandy bottoms (Ref. 9294). Probably taken with seines and as bycatch of trawl fisheries (Ref. 9294).
发现于潮池，河口与小水湾了且底部为沙地的地方.(参考文献 9294) 可能用曳网采集了与如拖网渔场的误捕.(参考文献 9294)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
東太平洋: 加州灣到祕魯。
Munroe, T.A., F. Krupp and M. Schneider, 1995. Cynoglossidae. Lenguas, lenguetas. p. 1039-1059. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9294)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
人类利用
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 19.9 - 28.5, mean 25.1 °C (based on 122 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01072 (0.00507 - 0.02267), b=3.11 (2.92 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
![Image of Symphurus williamsi (William\](/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Sywil_u0.gif "Image of Symphurus williamsi (William\")