分类 / Names
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Teleostei >
Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Dorosomatidae (Gizzard shads and sardinellas)
Etymology: Sardinella: Latin and Greek, sarda = sardine; name related to the island of Sardinia; diminutive (Ref. 45335); tawilis: tawilis is a local tagalog name (Ref. 2930).
More on author: Herre.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 淡水 大洋性; 非迁移的. 熱帶; 18°N - 14°N
Asia: endemic to Lake Taal (formerly Lake Bombon), Luzon, Philippines. This freshwater lake, linked to the sea via the Pansipit River, was part of Balayan Bay, South China Sea, and was formed by a series of volcanic eruptions in the 18th century (Ref. 5522).
亞洲: 塔爾湖 (從前湖 Bombon) ，菲律賓呂宋島的特有種。 這個淡水的湖, 經由 Pansipit 河連接了到海洋, 是 Balayan 海灣，南中國海的部份, 而且在 18 世紀內被由一系列的火山爆發形成。 (參考文獻 5522)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 7.9 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 12.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5520); 15.2 cm TL (female); 最大体重: 0.00 g
背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 15 - 18; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 18 - 21; 脊椎骨: 39 - 42. Total scutes 28 to 30. gill rakers slender, long and numerous (Ref. 5520).
总鳞甲 28 到 30. 鳃耙细长的，长的与很多的.(参考文献 5520)
Inhabits lakes. This is the only species of Sardinella that is apparently found only, or even mainly, in freshwater. Presumably schooling. Also caught using ring nets (Ref. 5520). Mainly caught by gill net, beach seine, ring net and motorized push net (Refs.81494, 80728, 5520). Eaten fresh or dried (Ref. 5517). Is threatened by overfishing (Ref. 6308).
栖息于湖。 这是显然地，那是只发现于淡水或主要在淡水里的 沙丁鱼 的唯一的种。 推测为群游。 也使用环状网捕捉。 (参考文献 5520) 被吃生鲜地或干燥的.(参考文献 5517) 受到威胁的由于捕捞过度.(参考文献 6308)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
亞洲: 塔爾湖 (從前湖 Bombon) ，菲律賓呂宋島的特有種。 這個淡水的湖, 經由 Pansipit 河連接了到海洋, 是 Balayan 海灣，南中國海的部份, 而且在 18 世紀內被由一系列的火山爆發形成。 (參考文獻 5522)
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
濒危 (EN) (A2bd; B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v)); Date assessed: 28 February 2017
人类利用
渔业: 自给性渔业
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00480 - 0.01510), b=2.98 (2.83 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.0 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (22 of 100).
