分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Labridae (Wrasses)
Etymology: Symphodus: Greek, syn, symphysis = grown together + Greek, odous = teeth (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 1 - 50 m (Ref. 121253). ; 47°N - 21°N, 11°W - 42°E
Eastern Atlantic: Spain to Morocco including the Mediterranean and Black Sea.
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 11.7, range 12 - 15.2 cm
Max length : 44.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3397); common length : 25.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3397); 最大年龄: 15 年 (Ref. 4742)
背棘 (总数) : 15; 背的软条 (总数) : 11; 臀棘: 3; 臀鳍软条: 12.
Adults are found near rocks mainly in eel-grass beds, sometimes in salty lagoons. Often gregarious. Oviparous (Ref. 205). Nest of seaweed built and kept by male with one or more females spawning. Feed on sea urchins, ophiuroids, bivalves, shrimps and crabs (Ref. 4742). Rate of growth is slow (Ref. 4742). Undergoes sex reversal (Ref. 4742).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
Oviparous (Ref. 205). One male makes a nest of seaweed for one or more females to spawn in (Ref. 4742). Undergoes sex reversal (Ref. 4742).
Quignard, J.-P. and A. Pras, 1986. Labridae. p. 919-942. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 4742)
人类利用
渔业: 自给性渔业; 游钓鱼种: 是的; 水族馆: 商业性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 16.3 - 21.4, mean 18.9 °C (based on 116 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00933 (0.00783 - 0.01112), b=3.04 (3.00 - 3.08), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.25-0.89(?); tm=2-3; tmax=15).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 27.3 [12.3, 58.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.547 [0.298, 1.074] mg/100g; Protein = 19.5 [16.6, 21.7] %; Omega3 = 0.22 [0.13, 0.38] g/100g; Selenium = 14.8 [7.1, 28.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 50.1 [14.3, 214.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.02 [0.67, 1.79] mg/100g (wet weight);