分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Petromyzonti >
Petromyzontiformes (Lampreys)
七鰓鰻目 (Lampreys) >
Petromyzontidae (Northern lampreys)
七鰓鰻科 (Northern lampreys) > Lampetrinae
Etymology: Eudontomyzon: eu-, a Greek intensive (good, well or very); odontos (Gr.) tooth, referring to numerous radially arranged teeth of E. danfordi; myzon (Gr.), to suck (borrowed from Petromyzon), referring to their suctorial behavior (See ETYFish); mariae: In honor of Berg’s second wife Maria (née Ivanova), “who examined many thousands of river lampreys from the mouth of the Neva and other streams, falling into the Finnish Gulf” (See ETYFish).
Eponymy: Maria Mikhailovna Berg née Ivanova was (1922) the second wife of the author. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Berg.
Issue
This species needs a complete re-evaluation Renaud (2011; Re. 89241:41), and may be a complex of species. Please send references, or more studies are needed.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 居於水底的; 河川洄游. 溫帶; 57°N - 41°N, 14°E - 49°E (Ref. 59043)
Europe: Drainages of the Baltic Sea (Odra, Vistula, Neman), northern Black Sea (Sava, Drava, Danube [except Tisza, Timis, and Cerna rivers], Prut, Dnieper, Dniester, Don, Kuban, and in rivers of Georgia from Bzyb' in south to Chorokhi in north), Aegean Sea (Vardar), and Caspian Sea (Volga - Sura River) (Ref. 58030). One record in the upper Morava system (Czechia) (Ref. 59043).
歐洲: 波羅的海，黑海 (Sava ， Drava, 多瑙河 [除了 Tisza ， Timis 與 Cerna 河以外], Prut ，聶伯河，第聶伯河，頓河，庫邦河, 與在來自 Bzyb 的喬治亞州的河中' 在北方中南至 Chorokhi) ，愛琴海 (Vardar) 與裡海 (窩瓦河流域) 的分水嶺.
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 22.2 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 12283); common length : 18.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 556); 最大年齡: 7 年 (Ref. 12283)
簡短描述
檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 0; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 0. Adults: 12.0-22.2 cm TL. Body wet weight of 37 individuals 13.1-19.5 cm TL, 3.61-12.69 g. Body proportions, as percentage of TL (based on 39 specimens measuring 12.3-19.5 cm TL): prebranchial length, 6.9-12.1; branchial length, 8.5-12.3; trunk length, 44.9-54.4; tail length, 24.3-31.3; cloacal slit length, 0.4-2.2; eye length, 0.7-2.1; disc length, 2.2-5.8; prenostril length, 2.5-6.5; snout length, 2.7-7.6; postocular length, 2.4-3.7. The urogenital papilla length, as a percentage of branchial length, in eight spawning males measuring 14.35-18.4 cm TL, 25.0-38.6. Trunk myomeres, 60-73. Dentition: Most labial teeth are villiform; supraoral lamina, usually only 2 unicuspid teeth, but in less than 10% of cases, 1-3 small unicuspid teeth may also be found on the bridge; infraoral lamina, 5-10 usually unicuspid teeth, but 1-2 lateralmost teeth may be bicuspid; usually 3 endolaterals on each side (83%), but 4 (11%), 1 (4%), and 2 (2%) also found; endolateral formula, typically 1-2-2 (26%), 1-2-1 (22%), 2-2-1 (13%), 2-2-2 (11%), but also 1-1-1, 2-2-3, 1-1-2-2 (each 6%), 2, 1-1-2-1 (each 4%), 1-2, 1-2-2-2 (each 2%) - Naseka et al. (2009) reported the following additional formulae from the syntypic series, including a count of 5 endolaterals: 1-1-2, 1-3-1, 2-1-1, 2-3-2, 1-2-2-1, 2-1-2-2, 1-1-2-1-1; 2-5 rows of anterials; first row of anterials, 5-10 unicuspid teeth, exceptionally, one lateralmost tooth may be bicuspid; 1-4 rows of exolaterals; rows of posterials, 0-3 (absent in 10% of individuals only); first row of posterials, either complete (continuous) with 12-20 unicuspid teeth (62% of individuals) or incomplete (discontinuous) with 1-12 unicuspid teeth (38% of individuals) or entirely absent (very rarely) - Naseka et al. (2009) reported the following additional counts from the syntypic series: complete row with 10 unicuspid and 1 bicuspid teeth; incomplete row with 13-17 unicuspid teeth and with 4 unicuspid and one bicuspid teeth; transverse lingual lamina, 3-7 unicuspid teeth, the median one enlarged (in 79% of individuals, the median cusp is both higher and wider, while in 21% of individuals it is wider, but not noticeably higher, than the flanking cusps); longitudinal lingual laminae each with 5-11 unicuspid teeth. Velar tentacles, 7-12, with tubercles. No dark blotch near the apex of the second dorsal fin. Lateral line neuromasts unpigmented or darkly pigmented, at least on the ventral aspect. Extent of caudal fin pigmentation (- = absence to trace; + = 1% to under 25%; ++ = 25% to under 75%; +++ = 75% or more): - (7%), + (3%), ++ (13%), +++ (77%). Caudal fin shape, spade-like (97% of individuals), rarely rounded. Oral fimbriae, 88-98 (Ref. 89241). With 62-73 trunk myomeres. The caudal fin is dark grey to black (Ref. 59043).
與 62-73 軀幹 myomeres; 軀幹有斑點的在活的 ammocoetes 更老中超過 2.5 年。 尾鰭顏色較深灰色的到黑色的當成魚時與超過 1.5 年的 ammocoetes 更老。 尾鰭的形狀是像鏟子一樣的。
Adults are found in freshwater; in brooks, rivers, and lakes (Ref. 89241). They inhabit the mountain and foothill zones of watercourses containing clear water with a strong current and gravel-sand substrate. The ammocoetes larvae live in detritus-rich sand-mud substrates in areas of weak current, frequently beneath overhanging banks. Ammocoetes feed on diatoms and detritus; adults don't feed. Metamorphosis occurs in September in Poland and Slovakia and in July in the Ukraine. Ammocoetes used as live bait (Ref. 12283). Adults are preyed upon by Esox lucius (Ref. 89241), the chub (Leuciscus cephalus) and other predators in the period of their spawning (beginning of May to beginning of June). Mature individuals form spawning aggregations (Ref. 59043). Spawning occurs on gravel and sand substrates, also possibly over hard white clay (Ref. 58030), in late April - early May in the Ukraine. Fecundity, 1,950-7,106 eggs/female (Ref. 89241). Adults are nonparasitic. However, rare cases of ectoparasitism have been reported in Jelesná Brook, Slovakia and the Prut River, Ukraine (Ref. 89241).
非寄生的淡水八目鰻; 居住於山與包含清澈的水域的水道的淺水帶具有一個強韌的水流與礫石-沙子的底部。 ammocoetes 仔魚在弱水流的區域中生活於沙泥底, 時常在上懸的淺堆之下。 Ammocoetes 吃矽藻與碎屑; 成魚不進食。 被當作活餌使用的 Ammocoetes.(參考文獻 12283) 在他們產卵 (對六月的開始五月初) 的時期中被鰷魚 ( Leuciscus cephalus) 與其他的掠食者捕食.。 這種在礫石與沙子底部上產卵, 也可能地在堅硬的白色泥土之上。 (參考文獻 58030)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Spawning individuals come out in open day light. Males dig a shallow nest in areas with moderate current. Spawners form aggregations. Spawners die afterwards. Ammocoetes last 3.5 to 4.5 years. They metamorphose in September - December (Ref. 59043).歐洲: 波羅的海，黑海 (Sava ， Drava, 多瑙河 [除了 Tisza ， Timis 與 Cerna 河以外], Prut ，聶伯河，第聶伯河，頓河，庫邦河, 與在來自 Bzyb 的喬治亞州的河中' 在北方中南至 Chorokhi) ，愛琴海 (Vardar) 與裡海 (窩瓦河流域) 的分水嶺.
Holcík, J. and C.B. Renaud, 1986. Eudontomyzon mariae (Berg, 1931). p. 165-185. In J. Holcík (ed.) The Freshwater fishes of Europe. Vol.1, Part I, Petromyzontiformes. (Ref. 12283)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 05 March 2010
人類使用
漁業: 沒有興趣; 誘餌: usually
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00138 (0.00062 - 0.00310), b=2.97 (2.78 - 3.16), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Semelparous species, assuming tm (= tmax) > 4).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (31 of 100).
