分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Cichliformes (Cichlids, convict blennies)
鱸形目 (Cichlids, convict blennies) >
Cichlidae (Cichlids)
慈鯛科魚類 (Cichlids) > Pseudocrenilabrinae
Etymology: Protomelas: Greek, protos = the first + Greek, melas, melanos = black (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Trewavas.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 底中水層性. 熱帶; 24°C - 26°C (Ref. 13614); 9°S - 15°S
Africa: Endemic to the northern and southern parts of Lake Malawi.
非洲: 北部與馬拉威湖的南部的特有種。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 16.7 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 4996)
背棘 (總數) : 17; 背的軟條 (總數) : 10 - 11; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 9 - 11. Small to medium-sized with the plesiomorphic melanin pattern. Differs from the other species with this pattern in the higher number of gill-rakers (16-18) and in the greater emphasis of the blotches along the dorsum in the overall pattern. Differs further from P. marginatus in the more posterior position of the deepest part of the body.
小型到中型的有形狀類似的黑色素圖案。 有別於在較多的鰓耙 (16-18) 與斑塊的較大的強調中有這一個圖案的另一個種在整體的圖案中沿著背面。 在身體的最深部份的較向後位置中進一步不同於 P. marginatus 。
Favors a sediment-free rocky habitat, where it stays in midwater about one meter away from the substrate. Is normally found just below the surface, rarely deeper than 5 m. Mostly seen at places where the rocky coast drops steeply. Feeds on invertebrates taken from the water and on insects that fall into the water (Ref. 5595).
喜歡一個無沉澱物岩石的棲息地, 在那裡它停留在中層水域中大約一公尺左右遠離底部。 通常被發現緊鄰水面下, 非深度超過 5 公尺。 大部份在岩石的海岸險峻地降低的地方見到。 抓離水面與在掉入水中的昆蟲身上吃無脊椎動物。 (參考文獻 5595)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
非洲: 北部與馬拉威湖的南部的特有種。
Maréchal, C., 1991. Protomelas. p. 387-393. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 4996)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 20 June 2018
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 水族館: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01445 (0.00674 - 0.03099), b=2.99 (2.82 - 3.16), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.41 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
